Document: Skating on the Frozen Amstel River, Adam van Breen, 1611

Skating on the frozen river and canals in Amsterdam was a way to socialize in winter.     Life in New Amsterdam may have allowed for skating on ponds, but the Hudson River near New Amsterdam didn't freeze fully, and where it did freeze further north, the ice may have been very cracked and fully of small bergs.   

National Gallery of Art Summary: 

In this winter landscape, aristocrats, burghers, countrymen, and orphans take to the ice of the frozen Amstel River. From a young boy propelling himself with sticks on a prikslee (small push-sled) to the group of three stately men with no skates conversing by the riverbank, each of Van Breen's figures colorfully brings to life the possible actions and interactions of a winter's day on the ice. On the right, a man and woman glide hand-in-hand with the wide stride typical of Dutch 17th-century skating. The man's green jerkin and gold breeches tied at the knees with ribbon and the woman's black vlieger, a long garment worn over the bodice and skirt, reflect the height of early 17th-century fashion. As they skate, a young boy from the Amsterdam Burgerweeshuis (city orphanage), recognizable by his red and black shirt, approaches them clasping a kolf stick. Further back, men and women leisurely glide together, and a pair of boys race alongside a painted, pink mill.

Unlike many winter scenes that represent imaginary locales, this evocative landscape depicts an identifiable location on the Amstel River just south of Amsterdam. The profiles of three of the city's churches are visible in the distance: the large, wide building at the left is the Nieuwe Kerk; the distant church to its right with a tall steeple is the Oude Kerk; while the third church nearest the Amstel is the Zuiderkerk. Remarkably, the painting also depicts a large house surrounded by a painted wooden fence that can be seen on a contemporary map of the area.

Medium  oil on panel

Dimensions   overall: 44.3 × 66.5 cm (17 7/16 × 26 3/16 in.)

framed: 55.88 x 78.74 x 5.08 cm (22 x 31 x 2 in.)

Artists / Makers

Adam van Breen (artist) Dutch, c. 1585 - 1640